General Information

  • ID:  hor003861
  • Uniprot ID:  P21252
  • Protein name:  Melanocyte-stimulating hormone alpha
  • Gene name:  pomc
  • Organism:  Loxodonta africana (African elephant)
  • Family:  POMC family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  ACTH and MSH are produced by the pituitary gland.
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Loxodonta (genus), Elephantidae (family), Proboscidea (order), Afrotheria (superorder), Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0007218 neuropeptide signaling pathway
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  SYSMEHFRWGKPV
  • Length:  13
  • Propeptide:  SYSMEHFRWGKPVGKKRRPVKVYPNGAEGESAEAFPLEFXXELARERPEPARGPEGPDEGAATQADLDNGLVAEVEATSAEKKDEGPYKMEHFRWGSPAKDKRYGGFMTSEKSQTPLVTLFKNAIIKNAYKKGH
  • Signal peptide:  NA
  • Modification:  T1 N-acetylserine;T13 Valine amide
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Anorexigenic peptide. Increases the pigmentation of skin by increasing melanin production in melanocytes.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  YES
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  NA

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor003861_AF2.pdbhor003861_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 183805 Formula: C75H106N20O19S
Absent amino acids: ACDILNQT Common amino acids: S
pI: 9.3 Basic residues: 3
Polar residues: 4 Hydrophobic residues: 3
Hydrophobicity: -92.31 Boman Index: -2624
Half-Life: 1.9 hour Half-Life Yeast: >20 hour
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 22.31
Instability Index: 3402.31 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 6990
Absorbance 280nm: 582.5

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  2854538
  • Title:  Isolation and primary structures of elephant adrenocorticotropin and beta-lipotropin.